The permanent ceasefire and agreement on withdrawal of mercenaries that allowed force majeure to be lifted was agreed by the 5+5 Joint Military Commission at a meeting in Geneva on 23 October. This is just one of several parallel peace processes promoted by the United Nations and others. The Government of National Accord (GNA) and Khalifa Haftar’s Libyan Arab Armed Forces have each appointed five senior officers to the commission, which has been meeting since early 2020.
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