Mozambique coal sector disrupted by Renamo conflict

In June and July, gunmen from the Mozambican National Resistance (Renamo) carried out a series of attacks on trains that led to the Brazilian mining company Vale indefinitely suspending its use of the Sena line, one of two exporting railway lines for coal mines in Tete province. This was followed by two attacks in October that targeted the remaining Nacala railway line, sparking fears that it too might have shipments suspended. At the same time, Renamo has continued regular attacks on road routes between Tete and the port of Beira, forcing mining companies to rely on military escorts when transporting equipment and materials.